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| January 2007 at Itabashi Botanical Garden |
January 2007 at Itabashi Botanical Garden |
January 2007 at Itabashi Botanical Garden |
| Family | Orchidaceae |
| Sunfamily | Epidendroideae |
| Tribe | Collabieae (also placed in Arethuseae) |
| Scientific name | Phaius tankervilliae (Banks ex L'Heritier) Blume |
| Synonyms | Bletia incarvillei R. Brown; Bletia tankervilleae R. Brown; Calanthe bachmaensis Gagnepain; Dendrobium veratrifolium Roxburgh; Limodorum incarvilliae Persoon; Limodorum spectabile Salisbury; Limodorum tankervilleae Banks ex L'Heritier; Pachyne spectabilis Salisbury; Phaius australis F. Müller; Phaius bernaysii F. Müller ex Bernays; Phaius bicolor Lindley; Phaius blumei Lindley; Phaius blumei Lindley var. assamicus Reichenbach f.; Phaius blumei Lindley var. pulcher King & Pantling; Phaius carroni F. Müller; Phaius giganteus Hemsley; Phaius grandifolius Reichenbach f.; Phaius grandifolius Loureiro; Phaius grandifolius Lindley; Phaius grandifolius Lindley var. superbus Van Houtte; Phaius incarvillei O. Kuntze; Phaius leucophaeus F. Müller; Phaius longicornu Guillaumin; Phaius magniflorus Z. H. Tsi & S. C. Chen; Phaius mannii Reichenbach f.; Phaius oweniae Sander; Phaius roeblingii O'Brien; Phaius sanderi Sander; Phaius tankervilleae (Banks ex L'Heritier) Blume forma veronicae S. Y. Hu & Barretto; Phaius tankervilleae (Banks ex L'Heritier) Blume var. pulchra (King & Pantling) Karth; Phaius tankervilleae (Banks ex L'Heritier) Blume var. superbus (Van Houtte) S. Y. Hu; Phaius tenuis Reichenbach f.; Phaius veratrifolius (Roxburgh) Lindley; Phaius wallichi Hooker; Tankervillia cantoniensis Link |
| Common name | (Japanese common name) kakucho-ran (カクチョウラン, 鶴頂蘭 [meaning: crane-top orchid]), kaku-ran (カクラン, 鶴蘭 [meaning: crane orchid]) |
| (English common name) Nun's orchid, Kunai [tall grass] orchid | |
| Distribution | (Japan) Kyushu (Tanegashima island, Yakushima island, Amami-Ohshima island), Okinawa |
| (Other nations) Australia, the Pacific Islands, Malaysia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, India, Taiwan and southern China | |
| Habitat | Wet field, evergreen forest |
| Chromosomal number | 2n=38, 42, 48 |
| Description | Leaves 70cm long, 15cm wide.Scapes electing 60-70cm (sometimes ca. 100cm) tall.Flowers white (outside) and brown (inside; sometimes white), perianths 5cm long, 1-1.5cm wide, spurs ca. 1cm long, flowering in May to June. Terrestrial. Perennial plants. |
| Reference | Phaius tankervilliae [Banks] Blume 1852 |
| Phaius tankervilleae (Banks ex L'Her.) Blume | |
| Chemotherapeutic agents for the control of plant and animal diseases (US Patent 20060178431) | |
| Note | The biggest wild orchid in Japan. |
| Invasive plants |
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| January 2007 at Itabashi Botanical Garden |
January 2007 at Itabashi Botanical Garden |
January 2007 at Itabashi Botanical Garden |
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| Phaius tankervilliae 'Kinkaku' |
Phaius tankervilliae 'Kinkaku' |
| January 2010 at Tsukuba Botanical Garden |
January 2010 at Tsukuba Botanical Garden |
