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Chapter 1. Flow Characteristics of Viscous Liquid |
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[Simulation Analysis for Polymer Processing by PC (1), Japan Plastics, Vol.49, No.11, P.86 (1998)]
When arguing phenomena of polymer processing, flow characteristics of polymer solutions or polymer melts are the most fundamental and important issues. Such flows are mostly laminar, and laminar flow is implicitly assumed throughout this series of articles. Theoretical equations necessary for treating Newtonian fluid in which shear stress is proportional to shear rate, are presented first. Most of all polymer fluids actually show non-Newtonian characteristics when considering some wide range of shear rate, and it often becomes important to treat polymer fluids as non-Newtonian in polymer processing. Then, several non-Newtonian models, end correction method to get correct viscosity from experimental data, temperature dependency of polymer melt, empirical equation that can include both temperature and shear rate dependencies, and other important matters are explained. |